General Knowledge Malaysia

General Knowledge Malaysia, Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia that is just north of the Equator. It is made up of two separate parts: Peninsular Malaysia (Semenanjung Malaysia), also called West Malaysia (Malaysia Barat), which is on the Malay Peninsula, and East Malaysia (Malaysia Timur), which is on the island of Borneo. Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia, is in the western part of the peninsula, about 25 miles (40 km) from the coast. Putrajaya, the center of government, is about 16 miles (25 km) south of the city.

General Knowledge In Malaysia

Malaysia is part of the Commonwealth, which is made up of two countries once ruled by the British. When it was founded on September 16, 1963, Malaysia was made up of Malaya (now Peninsular Malaysia), Singapore, and the northern Borneo states of Sarawak and Sabah. Singapore broke away from the federation in August 1965 and became independent.

General Knowledge Malaysia (Land)

Most of the southern part of the Malay Peninsula is in Peninsular Malaysia. It shares a land border with Thailand, which is to the north. This border is about 300 miles (480 km) long. In the south, at the end of the peninsula, is the island country of Singapore.

A causeway and a different bridge connect Malaysia to Singapore. Indonesia's island of Sumatra is to the southwest, across the Strait of Malacca. East Malaysia is made up of Sarawak and Sabah, the country's two biggest states. It is divided from Peninsular Malaysia by the South China Sea, about 400 miles (640 km) long.

These two states take up about a fourth of the northern part of the big island of Borneo. They share a land border with the Indonesian part of the island, Kalimantan, which is to the south. The Sultanate of Brunei is in a small seaside area that Sarawak surrounds.Peninsular Malaysia is about 40% of the country's total size, which includes about 265 square miles (690 square km) of interior water. East Malaysia is about 60%.

General Knowledge Malaysia (Relief)

Myanmar and Thailand are to the south and southwest of the Malay Peninsula. It is long, narrow, and rough. The part in Malaysia is about 500 miles (800 km) long and 200 miles (320 km) wide at its widest point, east-west.

Nearly half of Peninsular Malaysia is made up of granite and other igneous rocks, one-third is made up of layered rocks that are older than the granite, and the rest is made up of alluvium. More than 500 feet (150 meters) above sea level is at least half of the land area.

General Knowledge Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia has a hilly center of many nearly parallel mountain groups that run north to south. The Main Range is the most famous of these. It is about 300 miles (480 km) long and has peaks that are higher than 7,000 feet (2,100 meters). Karst landscapes are unique to the central and northern parts of Peninsular Malaysia.

They comprise limestone hills with steep, gray-white sides, stunted plants, holes made by water erosion, and underground tunnels. Along the coast, some plains are 10 to 50 miles (15 to 80 km) wide on the peninsula's west side, but they are smaller and break up on the east side.

East Malaysia is a long strip of land about 700 miles (1,125 km) long and about 170 miles (275 km) wide at its widest point. The shoreline is 1,400 miles (2,250 km) long, and the border with Kalimantan is 900 miles (1,450 km) long. For most of its length, the landscape consists of three landforms. The first is a flat area along the coast.

General Knowledge Malaysia, In Sarawak, where the beach is straight, the plain is 20 to 40 miles (30 to 60 km) wide on average, but in Sabah, where the coast is rough and deeply cut, it is only 10 to 20 miles (15 to 30 km) wide. The second type of landform is the hill-and-valley area, which is inland from the sea plain.

Most places are lower than 1,000 feet (300 meters), but some groups of hills are 2,500 feet (750 meters) or higher. Most of the time, the land in this area is uneven, with steep-sided hills and small valleys.The third feature of the land is the hilly spine that separates East Malaysia from Kalimantan. This area is higher and closer to the Sabah coast than Sarawak.

It comprises a series of eroded plateaus, ravines, canyons, and mountain ranges that are hard to identify. Most of the mountain groups' highest points are between 1,200 and 2,100 meters (4,000 and 7,000 feet) high. Mount Kinabalu stands tall over this group of mountains. At 13,435 feet (4,095 meters), it is the tallest peak in Malaysia and Southeast Asian island.

General Knowledge Malaysia (Drainage)

Peninsular Malaysia has a complicated system of rivers and streams that drain the land. The Pahang, which is the largest river, is only 270 miles (434 km) long. Streams flow all year long because it rains all the time, but the amount of water moving depends on where it rains and how hard it rains. When it rains for a long time, it often causes floods, particularly in places where uncontrolled mining or farming has changed the normal flow of the rivers.

The interior mountains, which are also the watershed between Malaysia and Indonesia, set the drainage system for East Malaysia, just like they do for Peninsular Malaysia. The rivers, which are also permanent because it rains all year, form a thick network that covers the whole area. The Rajang, the longest river in Sarawak, is about 350 miles (563 km) long and can be navigated by shallow-draft boats for about 150 miles (240 km) from its mouth.

The Kinabatangan, the longest river in Sabah, is about the same length but can only be navigated for about 120 miles (190 km) from its mouth. The rivers are a way to get from the coast to the middle of the country, and most people have lived along rivers in the past.

General Knowledge Malaysia (Soils)

Both parts of Malaysia have soils that have been exposed to tropical, solid weathering for a long time. As a result, most of the nutrients that plants need have been washed away. Soils are often very acidic, have a rough feel, and have little organic matter.

When exposed to weathering, the organic matter quickly breaks into oxygen and water. This makes the soil even weaker. On sloped land, soil erosion is always a risk. To stop it, you need to make contour embankments or plant cover crops.

Peninsular Malaysia only has a small amount of rich soil, so farmers have to keep adding fertilizer to keep crops growing. Most of the time, the soil in Sarawak and Sabah is similar to the dirt on the mainland. Only Sabah has enough rich land to make it worth living there. These are found along the coasts of the southeast, where the dirt is made from materials that are chemically basic and come from volcanoes.

General Knowledge Malaysia (Malaysia's weather)

Peninsular Malaysia and the islands are both in the tropics and are touched by the same air currents. They have high temperatures and humidity, a lot of rain, and a climate year that revolves around the northeast and southwest monsoons.

The climate year has four seasons: the northeast monsoon, which lasts from November or December to March; the first inter-monsoonal period, which lasts from March to April or May; the southwest monsoon, which lasts from May or June to September or early October, and the second inter monsoonal period, which lasts from October to November. There must be a clear line between when the two monsoons start and end.

Even though Malaysia has an equatorial climate, the narrowness and topography of each part—central hilly areas with flat coastal plains on either side—make it easy for climates from the sea to reach the interior. The monsoons also change the weather. The northeast monsoon brings heavy rain and rough waves to the exposed beaches of southwestern Sarawak and northern and northeastern Sabah.

It can also cause flooding in the eastern part of the peninsula. The southwest monsoon primarily affects the southwestern coastal belt of Sabah, where floods are frequent. Neither peninsular nor island Malaysia is in the tropical cyclone (typhoon) belt, but squalls sometimes bring strong rainstorms to their shores.

All year long, the temperatures are always hot. Most flat places on the peninsula have average temperatures of about 80 °F (27 °C). East Malaysia's lowest temperatures are in the low to mid-70s F (about 23 °C) along the coast, and the highest temperatures are around 90 °F (32 °C). The temperatures are lower in the inland highlands.

The average amount of rain on the peninsula is about 100 inches (2,540 mm) per year. Kuala Kelawang (in the district of Jelebu), which is near Kuala Lumpur, gets about 65 inches (1,650 mm) per year, while Maxwell's Hill, which is northwest of Ipoh, gets about 200 inches (5,000 mm) per year. Sabah receives an average of 80 to 140 inches (2,030 to 3,560 mm) of rain per year, while most places in Sarawak get 120 inches (3,050 mm) or more.

General Knowledge Malaysia (Lives of plants and animals)

lowland rainforest on the well-drained parts of the coastal plains and foothills up to an elevation of about 2,000 feet (600 meters), and submontane and montane forest (also called cloud forest) in higher areas. Parts of central Sarawak and the coast have sandy, highly leached soils home to an open kerangas forest.

The Malaysian jungle has some of the best plants in the world. There are several thousand species of vascular plants, including more than 2,000 species of trees and the parasitic monster flower (Rafflesia arnoldii of the Rafflesiaceae family), with the world's biggest known flower at nearly 3 feet (1 meter) in diameter.

General Knowledge Malaysia, In Malaysia's woods, many different kinds of pitcher plants (Nepenthes) eat insects. One acre (0.4 hectares) of forest can have up to 100 different types of trees, as well as shrubs, herbs, lianas (vines), and epiphytes (nonparasitic plants that grow on other plants and get their food from the air).

The forest cover is so thick that little light can get through. Because of this, the shrubbery is usually not very thick and, contrary to popular opinion, is not impossible to get through. Much of the original jungle has been killed by clearings made for farming or business, by strong winds and lightning, and by clearings made by native people for shifting cultivation. When this kind of cleared land is left alone, it often turns into rough grassland, scrub, and secondary forest.

There are many different kinds of animals living in the woods and scrublands. Elephants, tigers, Malayan gaurs (or selling, which are huge wild oxen), Sumatran rhinoceroses, tapirs (four-legged animals with hooves and snouts), wild pigs, and many types of deer live on the peninsula, including plank or chevrotains,

which are small ruminants that look like deer and are often called mouse deer. Crocodiles monitor lizards, and cobras are also native to the country. On the beaches of the east coast, green sea turtles and giant leatherback turtles lay their eggs.

Even more kinds of animals live in East Malaysia than on the peninsula. In addition to the species that live on the peninsula, East Malaysia is home to orangutans, rhinoceroses, sun bears (also called honey bears), and the unique red-colored tree-dwelling probosci's monkey. There are also a lot of cave swifts, whose nests are the main element in Chinese bird's nest soup.

General Knowledge Malaysia (Malaysian people)

Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia have a different number of people living in each, with Peninsular Malaysia having the most people. People from many different cultures, languages, and religions live there. For official reasons, there is a big difference between the native people, who are called bumiputra and include the Malays, and the newcomers, who are mostly Chinese and South Asians and are called non-bumiputra.

General Knowledge Of Malaysia

Languages and groups of people

People from all over Asia have always met on the Malay Peninsula and the northern coast of Borneo. Both of these places are on one of the world's most important sea trade paths. Because of this, the people of Malaysia and Southeast Asia as a whole have a lot of cultural differences. The national language, a standardized version of Malay called Bahasa Malaysia (it used to be called Bahasa Melayu), helps bring these different groups of people together. Most communities speak it to some extent, and it is the primary language taught in state elementary and high schools.

Peninsular Malaysia

Peninsular Malaysians are usually split into four groups. Indigenous groups in the area include the Orang Asli ("Original People"), the Malays, the Chinese, and the South Asians, in the order they arrived. A small number of Europeans, Americans, Eurasians, Arabs, and Thais also live there.

The Orang Asli are the smallest group. Based on their ethnicity, they can be divided into three groups: the Jakun, who speak a Malay dialect, the Semang, who speak a Mon-Khmer language; and the Senoi, who also speak a Mon-Khmer language.

General Knowledge Malaysia, the Malay people came from different parts of Southeast Asia's peninsula and island chain. They comprise about half of the country's population, are the essential political group, and have the most people on the peninsula.

They mostly have the same society, but there are some area differences. They all speak Malay, which is an Austronesian language. The Malays living near the southern tip of the peninsula and those on the east and west coasts have the most apparent ethnic differences. Unlike the other Malaysian racial groups, Malays are publicly defined in part by their religion, Islam.

About a quarter of Malaysia's people are Chinese. They came to Malaysia from southeastern China. They speak more than one Chinese language, which makes them more varied than the Malays. The most common languages in Peninsular Malaysia are Hokkien, Hainanese, Cantonese, and Hakka.

Since these languages don't make sense to each other, it's usual for two Chinese people to talk in a lingua franca like Mandarin Chinese, English, or Malay. Baba Chinese is a common name for a group of Malaysians with Chinese and Malay heritage who speak a Malay dialect but still follow Chinese customs, habits, and habits.

Indians, Pakistanis, and Sri Lankans are from South Asia and make up a small but essential part of Malaysia's population. People who speak Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, and other Dravidian languages differ from those who speak Indo-European languages like Punjabi, Bengali, Pashto, and Sinhalese. Most people are those who speak Tamil.

Sarawak

General Knowledge Malaysia, east Malaysia's people are even more different from each other than Peninsular Malaysia's. The government tends to oversimplify the situation in Sarawak and Sabah by publicly recognizing only some of the dozens of ethnolinguistic groups in those two states.

The Iban (Sea Dayak), an indigenous group that makes up more than a quarter of the state's population, are the largest ethnic group. They are followed by the Chinese, the Malay, the Bidayuh (Land Dayak), and the Melanau. Other people, many of whom are called "Orang Ulu" (which means "Upper People") as a group, make up an important population. The people who have always lived in Sarawak speak different Austronesian languages.

The Iban were strong fighters in the 19th and early 20th centuries. They came from the area around the Kapuas River in what is now the northern part of Indonesia's West Kalimantan province. In Sarawak, the native Iban land is in the hilly southwestern part of the state.

Iban, who still lives in rural areas, usually grows rice using a method called "shifting agriculture." In this method, fields are cleared, grown for a short time, and then left alone for a few years to let the land recover. The Iban language is similar to Malay but not the same.

Most of Sarawak's Chinese people live between the coast and the mountains. In rural areas, people usually grow cash crops on small plots of land. They mostly speak Hakka and Fuzhou, which is a Northern Min language. They don't speak Cantonese, Hokkien, or Hainanese, which are the most common languages in the peninsula.

Few Malays in Sarawak are from the peninsula. Instead, most are the descendants of different native peoples who turned to Islam around the middle of the 15th century. Even though their ancestors came from different places,

The Malays of Sarawak and Peninsular Malaysia have a lot in common culturally. This is mainly because they follow the same religion. On the other hand, Malays from Sarawak speak different versions of the Malay language than Malays from the peninsula.

The Bidayuh, like the Iban, came from areas that are now in the northwest of Indonesian Borneo. In Sarawak, the Bidayuh's home is in the very west of the state. Most rural Bidayuh grows rice in a way that moves from place to place.

Even though the Bidayuh has lived close to the Iban for hundreds of years, they speak a different language. They have a number of different languages that are linked and can be understood by each other to some extent.

The Melanau live in the marshes along the south-central coast of Sarawak, between the city of Bintulu and the Rajang River. People know the Melanau because they make starch from the sago palms that grow around their towns.

The Melanau are said to have come to the coast from the interior hundreds of years ago. They have cultural and language ties to some inland peoples in the southeast. Some local Melanau speakers think that the forms of the northeastern part of the Melanau region and those of the southwest are two different languages.

Sabah

General Knowledge Malaysia, people from all over the world live in Sabah. The most prominent groups are the Kadazan (also called Dusun or Kadazan Dusun), the Bajau, and the Malays.

Together, they make up about half of the people. Indigenous peoples like the Murut, Kedayan, Orang Sungei, and Bisaya also make up a large number of the people who live in the state. The rest are Chinese, Europeans, Eurasians, Indonesians, Filipinos, and people from South Asia.

Until the end of the 20th century, most people called the Kadazan Dusun. This was an ethnic term that, like Orang Ulu in Sarawak, was used for a group of connected people. Since then, however, Kadazan has become the more popular name in everyday use.

For practical reasons, the government has used both words together, sometimes combining them into the term Kadazandusun (especially when talking about language). People from different parts of Kadazan speak similar languages that most other Kadazan can understand.

General Knowledge About Malaysia History

Religion

About three-fifths of Malaysia's people follow Islam, the country's official faith. Islam is one of the most important things that makes a Malay different from a non-Malay, and all Malays are required by law to be Muslim. The Chinese don't have a primary faith. Many of them believe in the moral teachings of Confucianism, but they also follow Buddhism or Daoism.

A small group of people follow different kinds of Christianity. Most people in India and Sri Lanka are Hindu, while most people in Pakistan are Muslim. Some Indians believe in Jesus. The Sikhs come from the state of Punjab in India, and most of them follow their own religion, Sikhism.

Many of the peninsula's non-Malay Orang Asli have converted to Islam, but some groups still practice their own religions. Most people in Sarawak, including the Iban, Bidayuh, and others, tend to be Anglicans, Roman Catholics, or members of other Protestant Christian groups. The Melanau, on the other hand, are primarily Muslim, with few Christians.

Only a few people in Sarawak have kept their local faith alive. A few of Sabah's native people who are not Malay also follow local religions. Most of the Kadazan and Murut are Christians, but there is also a sizeable Muslim population. Most Bajau people are Muslims.

Malaysia's Economy

Malaysia's economy had changed a lot since 1970, when it was mostly built on exporting raw materials like rubber and tin. It is now one of Southeast Asia's largest, most diverse, and fastest-growing. Primary production is still essential. The country makes a lot of rubber and palm oil, sells a lot of oil and gas, and is one of the world's most significant sources of industrial hardwoods.

Malaysia, on the other hand, has put more and more emphasis on export-oriented industries to help its economy grow. Malaysia has gotten much foreign investment, especially from Japan and Taiwan, because it has a relatively cheap but educated labor force, a well-developed infrastructure, government security, and a currency worth less than it is worth.

Since the early 1970s, the government has supported a social and economic reform strategy, first called the New Economic Policy (NEP) and then the New Development Policy (NDP), that has tried to find a balance between the goals of economic growth and the transfer of wealth. The Chinese and South Asian cultures in Malaysia have been in charge of the business for a long time.

The goals of the NEP and the NDP were to give the Malays and other indigenous groups more economic chances and to help them learn how to run businesses and handle money. The government's monetary policy has also pushed the private sector to take on a more significant part in reorganization. Privatizing many public-sector activities, such as the national train, airline, car maker, telecoms, and power companies, has been a big part of this policy.